Peer-to-Peer Mode

In peer-to-peer mode, two NFC devices exchange data bidirectionally without requiring a passive tag. Both devices alternate between generating and responding to the RF field. This mode was used by Android Beam for sharing URLs, contacts, and files between phones. While Android Beam was deprecated in Android 10, P2P mode remains important for Bluetooth and WiFi connection handover, where NFC initiates the pairing process for faster wireless connections.

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Peer-to-peer communication uses LLCP (Logical Link Control Protocol) over NFCIP-1 (ISO 18092). Two devices negotiate active or passive roles — in active mode both generate RF fields alternately, while in passive mode one device powers the other. LLCP provides connectionless and connection-oriented transport services at 106, 212, or 424 kbps. SNEP (Simple NDEF Exchange Protocol) runs on top of LLCP for standardized NDEF message exchange between devices.